Context: India has faced several cases of contaminated or substandard medicines in recent years, which led to calls for tighter checks on drug makers. The proposal would change how the licensing regulator responds to such failures.

Context: Aditya-L1 is ISRO's solar observatory, placed about 1.5 million km from Earth to study the Sun. Solar eruptions can send charged particles toward Earth, so forecasting them matters for satellites and communications.

Context: ARRI is a German company known for professional film cameras used on big movies, and Honor is a Chinese phone brand that was once part of Huawei. Reviewers often get phones before launch, so full verdicts usually come later.

Context: The census counts people every ten years and its data guides how funds and seats are shared, so how 'urban' is defined matters. Many Indian towns have grown beyond old boundaries, so rural and urban areas now blend together.

Context: Deepavali is one of India's biggest festivals, with heavy travel and shopping, so rain can disrupt plans. Tamil Nadu usually receives its main seasonal rains from the northeast monsoon in these months, so this forecast fits a regular pattern.

Context: Skill training in India is run by many central and state departments, which often overlap and can confuse job seekers. Government schemes such as Skill India aim to link training more closely with real jobs.

Context: Bihar has long reported shortages of doctors and health staff in its public hospitals and clinics. The State Health Society is the state body that manages health programmes and hiring for the department.

Context: The top 2% list ranks researchers using citation and impact data, and it is often used to judge careers and funding. Debates over such rankings have grown as India works to raise the quality and output of its research.

Context: Cyclones often damage roads, power lines and public buildings, and repairs can be costly. States usually request central support through national disaster relief funds after major storms.

Context: PMAY-G, the Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana (Gramin), is the central government's rural housing scheme for families without a proper home, launched in 2016. Pucca houses are permanent brick-and-cement homes, so the figure tracks how many poor rural families have moved into sturdier shelters.

Context: Crédit Mutuel Arkéa is a large French banking group, and ZachXBT is a well-known independent crypto investigator who often traces stolen digital money through public blockchain records. Cyber attacks on banks and crypto platforms are a growing concern for customers worldwide.

Context: Dams are checked regularly because a failure can threaten nearby towns and farmland. Sathanur sits on the Ponnaiyar river and is one of the state's key water storage structures.

Context: The Annual Survey of Industries is a yearly government survey of registered Indian factories, used to track output, jobs and investment. Policymakers use it to see whether growth comes from big firms or from many small units.

Context: Companies often fund community projects through corporate social responsibility programmes, which many Indian state governments now seek to tap for public services like schools.

Context: Knee replacement is a common surgery for severe arthritis, usually done when pain limits daily movement. Bone marrow transplants are used to treat certain blood cancers and some serious blood disorders.

Context: HSBC publishes this monthly survey of business managers, and a reading above 50 signals expansion. Services such as banking, IT and retail make up a large share of India's economy, so this index is watched closely.

Context: Panchayats are elected village councils, and urban local bodies run towns and cities. Voter lists are kept separately for each body, so a person can be on one list but missing from another.

Context: Visvesvaraya Technological University, usually called VTU, is a large state university in Karnataka that sets exams for many engineering colleges. Supplementary exams are retests that students who failed a subject can take to clear it.

Context: Anaemia, a shortage of healthy red blood cells often linked to low iron, is a long-running health concern among Indian women and children. Government programmes such as iron-folic acid supplements and iron-fortified salt have been used to address it.

Context: Police stations often hold vehicles that were parked or seized and never collected by their owners. Auctions are a way to clear these grounds, but owners who return within the set period can still claim their vehicle.