Context: Blood banks depend on tightly controlled cold storage, and many medical devices are connected to networks that can be attacked. Cyberattacks on hospitals and health services have become a growing concern worldwide, especially when they affect patient care.

Context: Gemini is Google's AI chatbot, and K-12 refers to students from kindergarten to Class 12. Around the world, schools are debating whether AI tools help or harm learning, and privacy for young users is a major worry.

Context: Google's school software is used by many schools around the world, and schools are still deciding how students should use AI tools. Many teachers and parents worry about cheating and about students relying on AI instead of learning.

Context: Adobe is a long-running maker of design and PDF software, and Firefly is its line of AI tools that generate and edit images. Many AI companies now offer free trials to win early users, so this fits a wider race for startup customers.

Context: A life certificate proves to pension providers that a pensioner is still alive, which keeps monthly payments flowing. Jeevan Pramaan is a government programme that lets pensioners submit this proof digitally.

Context: Generative AI tools can create images, text and designs from simple prompts, which pushes design software firms to rethink their products and prices. Adobe and Figma are established design software companies now competing with newer AI-first tools.

Context: Anthropic is an AI company that makes the Claude chatbot, and employees there often receive pay partly in company stock. Stock usually vests over several years, so leaving early can mean losing that share of pay.

Context: ChatGPT is OpenAI's AI chatbot, launched in late 2022 and widely used for writing, study and coding help. India has one of the world's largest internet user bases, so its adoption matters to AI firms.

Context: A voluntary buyout pays staff to leave, so people choose it rather than being forced out, and companies use them to change team sizes. Big tech firms have used buyouts and layoffs in recent years as they reshape teams around AI spending.

Context: Microsoft has cut jobs in several rounds in recent years, so many tech workers now treat buyouts as a choice between a payout and an uncertain future. Voluntary buyouts let staff leave with a payment, but they usually come with conditions to read first.

Levelling the playing field means giving smaller firms access to tools that were once only affordable for large companies. Cheaper AI tools for writing, accounts and customer service are why this idea is being discussed.

Context: Retailers collect large amounts of shopper data, from purchases to online browsing, and companies increasingly use AI to analyse it. Who owns and controls that data is part of a wider global debate on privacy rules.

Siri is Apple's built-in voice assistant, first launched in 2011 on the iPhone. Apple has been adding AI features across its devices, and iOS is the software that runs iPhones.

Context: Food spoilage between harvest and sale is a long-running problem, and cold storage is costly for many farmers. Melatonin is a hormone best known for regulating sleep, and this work is still at lab-study stage.

Context: Canva is an Australian design platform popular with students, small businesses and schools, including in India. Tech firms have made many job cuts since 2023 as they reduce costs and shift their focus toward AI tools.

Context: AI agents are software that can carry out multi-step tasks, such as ordering stock or answering customers, with less human input. Walmart is one of the world's largest retailers, so rivals watch its technology moves closely.

Context: CAT is the Common Admission Test that is the main entrance exam for admission to IIM management programmes, and the IIMs are India's top business schools. Admit cards are released before the exam, and candidates need them to enter the test centre.

Context: Green hydrogen is made by splitting water using renewable electricity, and it is seen as a clean fuel for heavy industry and shipping. Europe is a major planned buyer, so the water and environmental costs affect long-term energy plans.

Aadhaar is India's 12-digit identity number, issued by UIDAI, and the Aadhaar App lets people keep a digital copy on their phone. Nagaland is a northeastern state, so this is one state's step within a wider push for digital ID.

Context: The H-1B is a US work visa used heavily by Indian IT and tech workers, and in 2025 the Trump administration added a $100,000 fee for new applicants. Congress passes laws, while visa rules are largely set by the executive branch, so the midterms shape the debate more than the rules themselves.

Context: OpenAI builds ChatGPT and other AI tools, so its internal security affects company secrets and the data it holds. Operational security means how a company protects its systems, information and staff access in daily work.

Context: The RBI is India's central bank and sets rules for banks and financial markets. Advisory committees like this let regulators hear from people working in the markets before they decide on changes.

Context: Mars meteorites are rocks that were blasted off Mars and landed on Earth, so scientists can study Martian material without sending a mission there.

Context: The Taliban took control of Afghanistan in 2021, and many Afghans who fled or helped foreign forces have since faced danger at home. US deportation policy toward Afghans is a continuing debate, and courts often pause such moves while cases are heard.

Context: Cyberattacks are digital break-ins that can disrupt shop systems and expose data. Retailers hold large amounts of customer and staff information, which makes them a common target for criminals.

Context: Amadeus runs booking and reservation systems used by many airlines, hotels and travel agents, so one breach can reach customers of many companies. Firms now store large amounts of personal data online, which makes such leaks a growing concern.

Context: Midterm elections are held halfway through a US president's four-year term and choose all House members and about a third of the Senate. Whichever party controls the House can pass or block laws and run oversight inquiries.

Gig workers, such as delivery and ride-hailing staff, usually have no fixed employer, so they often lack pension, insurance or leave. India's Social Security Code of 2020 recognises them for state-run schemes, but how to fund those schemes has been unclear.

Context: Solar and wind power generate electricity only at certain times, so storage helps keep supply steady when the sun sets or the wind drops. Viability gap funding is government support that tops up project costs so private developers can invest.

Context: Agnipath is the scheme launched in 2022 that brings young people into the armed forces on fixed-term contracts, with only some kept on permanently. The extension responds to criticism of how the scheme works for those who joined under it.

Context: The two-child norm is a population rule that has been debated for years, with some Indian states linking it to eligibility for certain posts or benefits. Fertility means the average number of children a woman has, and 2.1 is the level needed to keep population steady over time.

Context: CERN is the European lab near Geneva that runs the Large Hadron Collider, a giant ring that smashes particles together. LHCb is one of its detectors, and rare decays like this help physicists test their theories of how matter works.

Context: In India, retail fuel prices are set by oil companies, while export duties are taxes on fuel sent abroad. Global crude prices, which react to Middle East tensions, shape the costs that refiners and sellers face.

Context: Artificial reefs are underwater structures that give fish and other sea life places to live, and many coastal areas use old ships or other materials for them. Florida is known for this practice, and the M60 is a US Army battle tank.

Context: Ohio is a large US state that has leaned Republican in recent elections, so a Democratic win there for governor is notable. The governor leads the state government and shapes its budget and many state policies.

Context: Chrome is Google's web browser, and a vulnerability is a weakness that attackers could use to break into a device or steal data. Companies increasingly use AI tools to scan code for such flaws, so this shows how AI is being tested in real security work.

Context: EMI means equated monthly instalment, the fixed monthly payment on a loan. Financial planners often suggest keeping an emergency fund covering several months of expenses, since layoffs can come suddenly while EMIs keep running.

Context: The Foreign Exchange Management Act governs how money and trade move across India's borders, and the RBI issues detailed rules under it. Export Declaration Forms are the paperwork exporters file to show what they send abroad, so easing them matters for freelancers and service firms.

Context: Swift is a NASA telescope launched in 2004 to study gamma-ray bursts, and it is old enough that its orbit is decaying. Most spacecraft burn up on re-entry, but large pieces can sometimes reach the ground.

Context: Sales tax is levied by Indian states, so state governments set the rules and handle complaints. Local panels are a way to resolve disputes before they grow into formal appeals or court cases.

Context: The rupee has been weakening against the dollar for a long time, so a single day's gain draws attention from importers, students and travellers. The dollar is the currency most global trade is priced in.

Context: SIR, or Special Intensive Revision, is the Election Commission's process of updating electoral rolls, and Form 6 is the form used to add a name as a new voter.

Context: Alphabet owns Google, the world's largest search engine, and its shares move markets because big tech companies are heavily invested in AI. Falls of this size are rare for a company of its scale, so investors look for the reason behind them.

Context: The Ujjwala scheme, launched in 2016, gives free LPG connections to poor households, and Uttar Pradesh is India's most populous state, so its elections draw close attention.

Context: A Power Purchase Agreement is a long-term contract to buy electricity at agreed terms. NHPC is a government-owned power company, and India is adding solar, wind and battery storage to meet its clean energy goals.

Context: The Goods and Services Tax, or GST, replaced many central and state indirect taxes in 2017 and is run jointly by the Centre and states. Earlier court rulings shaped which level of government could tax what, so this case belongs to that long dispute.

Context: Critical minerals such as lithium and cobalt are used in batteries and electronics, and India relies heavily on imports for many of them. Viability gap funding is a government top-up that helps projects that are not yet profitable on their own.

Context: Consumer commissions hear complaints about unfair trade practices and can order compensation. Pricing based on gender, sometimes called the pink tax, has been debated in many countries, and this case tests whether it counts as discrimination under Indian consumer law.

Context: Bangladesh is one of the world's biggest clothing exporters, and garment pay has long been a source of unrest there. Its garment sector employs millions, and India, as a close neighbour, watches its labour disputes closely.

Context: India and the US have been negotiating a bilateral trade agreement, and tariffs on goods have been a central point of dispute. GTRI is the Global Trade Research Initiative, a New Delhi-based think tank that analyses trade policy.

Context: New Zealand's pitches are known to help seam and swing bowlers, which is why strong pace performances there are seen as a useful test. Few Indian fast bowlers have taken four wickets in ODIs in New Zealand, which places this spell in an elite group.

Context: Fuel prices affect the cost of transport and goods, so when they rise sharply, they often shape voter mood and the economic debate in an election.

Context: Apple usually releases betas to developers and public testers before the main iOS update reaches iPhones, so these features are not final yet. AI audio tools are part of a wider push by phone makers to add AI features to everyday apps.

Context: BMTC runs city buses in Bengaluru, while KSRTC, NWKRTC and KKRTC run state buses across other parts of Karnataka. A state fare regulatory committee reviews transport costs and recommends hikes, which is why its figure matters here.

Context: Assam's service rules set conduct and discipline standards for state government staff, and the cabinet can amend them. Polygamy remains a sensitive social and legal topic in India, so such rule changes often draw wide debate.

PMI is a monthly survey of business managers, and a reading above 50 shows that activity is growing. Services make up the largest share of India's economy, so this trend affects jobs and incomes.

Context: US midterm elections are held two years into a presidential term and choose all 435 House seats. Single seats in swing areas can decide which party holds control of the House.

The Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers flow through both countries, so water sharing is a regular topic in their talks. The Ganga Water Treaty of 1996 is the best-known agreement between them.

Context: The International Space Station is a joint orbiting lab run by NASA and partner space agencies. US citizens living in orbit can vote by absentee ballot, a rare way for American voters to take part from space.

Context: POCSO is the law that protects children from sexual offences, and fast-track courts were set up to clear backlogs faster than regular courts. Many cases in Indian courts take years to reach a verdict, which is why these courts exist.

Dipotsav is a Diwali festival of lights organised by the MNS in Mumbai. Drought means poor harvests and less water, so farmers and rural families feel its effects first and most.

Context: Congress has two chambers, the House and the Senate, and controls laws and government spending. Russia's war in Ukraine and the conflict with Iran are long-running issues where the president has led but Congress can push back.

Context: The IndiaAI Mission is a government programme that aims to build AI capacity in India, so homegrown models reduce reliance on foreign systems. Developers and businesses can use such base models to build their own AI tools.

Context: Midterms are held halfway through a US president's four-year term, and control of the House and Senate decides how much a president can pass into law.

Context: The shot clock limits how long a player can take between points, a change meant to keep matches moving for fans and broadcasters. P V Sindhu is one of India's best-known badminton players and an Olympic medallist.

Context: Anti-defection rules let a legislative speaker decide whether a lawmaker who switched parties should lose their seat. Such cases often reach the Supreme Court when delays in deciding them are challenged.

Context: Prohibitory orders let police bar gatherings in an area for a set period. Courts often review them when people argue that they limit the right to protest.

Context: US midterms take place halfway through a president's four-year term and are often seen as a referendum on the sitting president. Control of the House and Senate decides how easily a president can pass laws and approve appointments.

Context: Gurugram is a fast-growing city in Haryana, next to Delhi. Air pollution in Delhi and nearby cities often gets worse in late autumn and winter, and building dust is one of the local sources authorities try to cut.

Context: Lindsey Graham was a long-serving Republican senator from South Carolina, a state that has voted Republican for decades. The race is part of the 2026 US midterms, in which voters elect the whole House and about a third of the Senate.

Context: Ghee and butter are staples in many Indian kitchens, and prices often rise before festivals like Diwali when demand jumps. Branded dairy makers set their own prices, so one brand's increase can change what shoppers pay.

Context: India imports most of its edible oil, so import data shows how much cooking oil the country depends on foreign supply. Palm oil is the most used, with soyoil next, and festive-season buying often pushes import numbers up.

Context: Marine heat waves are long spells of unusually warm sea water, and they have damaged coral reefs in many parts of the world. INCOIS issues such ocean alerts to help fishers and coastal communities prepare.

Context: US midterms are held halfway through a president's term and decide control of Congress and many state offices. Ramaswamy, of Indian origin, was a prominent candidate, and his loss adds to the story of Indian-Americans in US politics.

Context: CERN, near Geneva, runs the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest particle accelerator. Rare decays are checked against the Standard Model, the current theory of particles, so any gap could hint at new physics.

Context: Vitamin C is found in fruits like oranges, guavas and amla, and the body cannot store it for long, so regular intake matters. Studies like this one show links rather than proof of cause, so they are a starting point for further research.

Context: Cyclones over the Bay of Bengal often bring rain far inland, even when the storm hits the coast elsewhere. Telangana has been short of rain this season, so heavy showers can help but can also cause flooding in low-lying areas.

Context: Paneer is a fresh cottage cheese eaten widely across India, so food quality checks matter to many households. Failed samples can lead to fines or prosecution, and regular testing is how regulators catch poor-quality dairy.

Context: Deutsche Bank is a German global bank, and Kotak Mahindra Bank is a major private bank in India. A slump sale means the buyer takes over a business as a whole, rather than buying its assets and staff piece by piece.

Context: SIR stands for Special Intensive Revision, a process in which the Election Commission updates voter rolls with a detailed check. Form 6 is the form used to add a new voter to the electoral roll in India.

Context: Netanyahu has led Israel for most of the last 15 years, and Eisenkot is a former army chief who now sits in opposition. Israel's parliament system means a new government needs a majority coalition, so results can take time to settle.

Context: The ANC (African National Congress) is the party of Nelson Mandela and has led South Africa since the first democratic elections in 1994. Local elections choose councils that run municipal services such as water and roads.

Context: Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo have been in a long-running conflict in eastern DR Congo, with Rwanda often accused of backing armed groups there. US sanctions are one of several international responses to that fighting.

Context: Delhi's air often turns harmful in winter, when cold weather traps smoke and dust near the ground. Diwali fireworks add to this, which is why cities bring in firecracker limits during the festival.

Context: Air pollution in north India, especially in winter, is a major public health concern, and Delhi often faces very poor air quality. Dashboards like this help readers judge whether conditions are safe for outdoor activity.

Context: All 435 US House seats are up for vote in every midterm, held two years into a president's term. Alaska has one House seat, so the winner takes the single seat, and final results can take time to count.

Context: Sabarimala, a temple in Kerala, draws huge crowds every pilgrimage season, and overcharging by shops has been a long-running complaint. Official digital services aim to make the trip easier and fairer for visitors.

Context: The Bengal fox is a small wild canid found in parts of India, and the golden jackal is a common wild dog across the country. Both live in open and farmland areas, where habitat loss and roads can pose threats.

Context: Most pistachios and almonds come from a few countries, so trouble in West Asia or a weak harvest in one major producer can quickly raise prices across India. Dry fruits are a common festive gift, so the rise hits household budgets.

Context: Ro Khanna, Pramila Jayapal and Ami Bera already serve in the US House of Representatives, while Vivek Ramaswamy is a former presidential candidate who is now running for office in Ohio.

Context: Satellites in low orbit slowly lose height due to thin atmospheric drag and eventually come back down, so their re-entries are tracked closely. Debris from these re-entries usually falls into the ocean or uninhabited areas, which is why space agencies share landing predictions.

GRAP, or Graded Response Action Plan, is a set of steps that tighten in stages as Delhi's air worsens. Winter smoke and cold air trap pollution in the capital every year, so these curbs return often.

Context: Social Security pays monthly benefits to retirees, funded largely by payroll taxes paid by workers. Its trust fund holds reserves, and when they run low, benefits must be cut unless lawmakers change the rules.

Context: Entry points are the ports and airports where imported goods are formally cleared, and more of them can shorten the trip from port to factory. India relies on imported ingredients for many medicines, which makes these routes important.

Context: Prediabetes means blood sugar is higher than normal but not yet at diabetes levels, and it raises the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Researchers have increasingly studied sleep as a factor in weight and metabolic health.

Context: The US Senate and House make up Congress, and the Senate has 100 members. Ossoff's seat was up in this midterm, so Georgia's result counts toward which party holds the majority.

Context: Diabetic retinopathy is damage to the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, caused by long-term high blood sugar. It often shows no early symptoms, so regular eye tests are the main way to catch it early.

Context: Tendulkar and Ponting are among the greatest run-scorers in ODI history, so Kohli's records are measured against theirs. The India vs New Zealand ODI series is still under way, with more matches to come.

Context: Urology is the medical branch that treats the urinary tract and related conditions, and casualty wards handle emergency patients around the clock. When specialist posts stay empty, doctors are often moved to other roles, which can affect how quickly patients get the right care.

Context: A one-day international (ODI) is a 50-over match, and this is the opening game of a series between India and New Zealand. Virat Kohli and Rohit Sharma are experienced Indian batters whose form is closely watched by fans.

Context: Midterms are US elections held halfway through a president's four-year term, when the whole House and about a third of the Senate are chosen. Georgia's governor is a state role, separate from the federal seats in the same vote.

Context: Electric cars in India are competing more on price as more brands enter the market. VinFast is a Vietnamese carmaker, and buyers often compare running costs and battery range before choosing an electric vehicle.

Context: The US has long been one of Israel's largest security aid providers, and a 10-year military aid deal signed under Obama shapes how such funding is handled.

Context: The Nifty 100 covers the 100 largest listed companies in India, and independent directors are outside members meant to check the company's management. Rules on board composition and diversity have been tightened over the past decade, so progress is being tracked closely.

Context: US midterm elections are held halfway through a president's term and help decide which party controls Congress. The Senate has 100 members, with each state sending two, so each seat can shift the balance of power. Michigan is one such state.

Context: A governor leads a US state's government and sets its policies on budgets and public services. Crowley previously served as Milwaukee County executive, a local leadership role in Wisconsin.

Context: US senators serve six-year terms, and Georgia's seats are part of the midterm cycle held every two years. Ossoff first won the seat in 2021, a win that helped Democrats gain a narrow Senate majority at the time.

Context: Vice-Chancellors are the top academic heads of universities, and syndicates are their governing bodies. Vacant posts can leave a university without a head to make decisions, so courts sometimes step in to press for appointments.

Context: Solar and wind power stop when the sun sets or the wind drops, which is why countries look for steady sources. Geothermal plants use natural underground heat and already run in places like Iceland and New Zealand.

Context: NASCAR is the top stock car racing series in the US. Brake-checking means slowing suddenly in front of another car, a risky move that can cause crashes.

Context: India and New Zealand are playing a limited-overs series, and the opening match often sets the tone for what follows. Choosing to bowl first usually means a side wants to chase the total set by the other team.

Context: India's gold prices depend on import duties and the rupee's value against the dollar, while Pakistan has its own taxes and currency conditions. Gold is bought widely in India for weddings and festivals like Diwali, so price gaps matter to families.

Context: TNCCF is a Tamil Nadu consumer cooperative body that buys goods for public distribution, and onions are a staple whose prices often swing with supply. Sprouting and fungus usually point to problems with storage or harvest conditions.

Context: Susan Collins had held her Maine Senate seat for many years and was seen as one of the more moderate Republicans in the Senate. The result is part of the wider 2026 US midterm elections, which are changing the balance of power in Congress.

Context: Moving goods by sea and waterways is usually cheaper than by road or rail for long distances, which is why India has pushed ports and inland waterways for years. Sonowal leads the ports, shipping and waterways ministry.

Context: California is the most populous US state and home to many billionaires, so its tax choices are closely watched. The proposal fits a wider debate in the US over whether the wealthiest should pay more tax.

Context: The Champions League is Europe's top club football competition, featuring the continent's best clubs. A late comeback in a knockout-stage tie can decide which team moves on, so results like this carry weight.

Context: Goa is a small coastal state, and its government is now using a college course to respond to concerns about divorce. Certificate courses are short programmes offered by colleges, usually focused on practical skills rather than full degrees.

Context: Nepal and India share an open border and close cultural and trade links. The Foreign Secretary is the top career diplomat in India's foreign ministry, and such visits usually come before a prime minister's trip.

Context: The rupee has been weak against the dollar in recent months, and a stronger dollar makes imports such as oil more expensive for India. Traders watch US election results and foreign investment flows because they can move both the dollar and the rupee.

GPS is the US satellite navigation system used in phones and cars worldwide, while NavIC is India's regional system built by ISRO. India began developing it after GPS access was refused during the Kargil War in 1999.

Context: The House of Representatives has 435 seats, and members are elected from single districts every two years, so each race changes the balance of who represents a region. Indian-Americans have won seats in Congress in recent years and are a growing voice in US politics.

Context: SIR stands for Special Intensive Revision, the Election Commission's process for checking voter lists. Mahadevapura became a focus after the phrase vote chori was used by the opposition Congress party to describe alleged vote theft there.

Context: Senate control is decided by seats won in these midterm elections, which are held halfway through a US president's term. Whatley was endorsed by Trump, so the result is also being read as a test of the president's popularity.

Context: The Sensex and Nifty are the two main benchmark indexes of Indian shares, tracking big companies on the BSE and NSE. Foreign investors buying Indian shares often lifts the market, while IT firms are sensitive to global demand.

Context: Groundwater is water stored underground in aquifers, and it feeds the wells and borewells that many households and farmers depend on. A weak monsoon means less rain is available to refill these sources, so the dry months ahead can be harder.

Context: Midterms are held two years into a US president's term and decide control of Congress. Exit polls ask voters how they cast ballots as they leave polling stations, giving early signals rather than final results.

Context: The Awami League was led by Sheikh Hasina, who was prime minister until she was removed in 2024 after mass protests. Since then, the rivalry between the Awami League and its opponents has shaped politics and decisions on university campuses.

Context: GP surgeries are local family doctors in the UK's health service. Liver, ovarian and pancreatic cancers often show up late because early symptoms are vague, so earlier testing matters.

Context: The Election Commission runs India's national and state elections, and its top officials have legal protections built into the Constitution. Questions about how far that protection goes often come up as the Commission's work faces public debate.

Context: Extradition means one country handing over a person accused or convicted of a crime to another country, usually under a treaty. Kazakhstan is a Central Asian country, and India has been signing such agreements to help chase suspects who flee abroad.

Context: North Korea and the US have been at odds for decades, and Pyongyang has pursued its own nuclear weapons programme. Kim Yo Jong is the leader's sister and a senior official who often issues public statements.

Context: Rural health boards decide how local hospitals are run, and bed cuts are a common flashpoint when councils try to save money or centralise care. Residents often push back because fewer beds can mean longer journeys for treatment.

Context: The NTSB is the US National Transportation Safety Board, the federal agency that investigates major transport crashes and publishes findings about their causes.

Context: Kannada Rakshana Vedike is a Karnataka group that campaigns for the Kannada language and local interests. Bengaluru is a major tech hub, so questions about local hiring matter to many jobseekers in the city.

Context: US-Iran tensions have run for years over Iran's nuclear programme and shipping in the Gulf. Qeshm is an Iranian island near the Strait of Hormuz, a key route for oil tankers.

Context: Texas has been a Republican stronghold in statewide races for decades, so a Democratic win there is rare and draws national attention. Senate seats are decided by statewide votes, and control of the chamber shapes what laws and judicial picks can pass.

Context: Competition approvals check that a big deal will not reduce market competition, and India is pushing hard into solar and wind power. Big foreign funds like KKR are a key source of money for that build-out.

Context: Courts have earlier said that protest rights cannot justify occupying public spaces, so this case looks at the other side: the privacy of those who protest.

Context: India and New Zealand are playing a five-match one-day series, and white-ball cricket refers to limited-overs games played with a white ball. The bat-and-ball balance is a long-running debate, since pitch conditions and rules shape how many runs get scored.

Context: India's fertility rate has fallen sharply over several decades, and it now sits near the replacement level of about 2.1 children per woman. States have moved at different speeds, which is why policy needs may differ from region to region.

Context: Yoon was removed from office in 2025 after he declared martial law in late 2024, and he has faced several legal cases since. This ruling is one of the court proceedings that followed his removal.

Context: The BCCI runs Indian cricket and hires its coaching staff through open applications, and former England players often comment on Indian cricket as TV experts.

Context: Singareni Collieries is a major coal mining company in Telangana, and mining has long been a male-dominated field. Women's entry into mine work has been slowly growing across India as companies open more roles to them.

The Sensex tracks 30 large companies listed on the BSE, so its moves give a quick view of market mood. India imports most of its crude oil, so lower oil prices can ease costs for the whole economy.

Context: Chipmakers rely on specialised chemicals like photoresists, so changes in who owns these suppliers matter to the wider electronics industry. Investment funds often buy and sell such businesses, and Mitsui Chemicals is a large Japanese chemicals group.

Context: Greenland is a self-governing territory within the Kingdom of Denmark, and its Arctic location has drawn US interest. US President Donald Trump has pressed for American influence over the island for months, which is why the deal matters.

The Rohingya are a Muslim minority from Myanmar's Rakhine state, and about 700,000 fled to Bangladesh after a military crackdown in 2017. The ICJ is the UN's top court, and it settles disputes between countries.

Context: Fulton County includes much of Atlanta, and Georgia is a closely watched state in US elections. Officials usually check such claims through audits and recounts, and false messages about polling places have been a recurring problem.

Context: Internships give students hands-on work experience before they graduate, and many employers look for it when hiring. Across India, colleges face growing pressure to link courses with real jobs, which is why rules like this keep coming up.

Context: FMGs are doctors who trained abroad and must complete further training in Indian hospitals before they can practise. Stipends are the allowances paid during that training, so pay gaps often lead to protests.

Context: Cyclones Arnab and Murasu hit the region recently, and Andhra Pradesh is a major chilli grower. Colombo is Sri Lanka's main port, so shipments from India that get held there can delay buyers and cost exporters.

Context: BMC is the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, the city's civic body that runs services like roads, water and waste, and the Supreme Court can step in when its orders are ignored.

Context: Air-to-air missiles are fired from fighter jets at other aircraft, so they shape control of the skies in a conflict. Pakistan has long relied heavily on Chinese-made weapons, so a homegrown missile is a step towards self-reliance in defence.

Context: Jantar Mantar in central Delhi has long been a common place for protests, so courts are often asked to balance the right to protest with traffic and public space. This debate has come up in court several times.

Context: Interchange stations are where passengers switch between metro lines, so they often get busy at peak hours. Partial openings of new lines can leave commuters waiting for the full route to start working.