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Attappady is a hilly forest region in Palakkad district of Keralam, home to a large tribal population. Infant deaths and malnutrition there have been recurring concerns for decades, and the area has long faced gaps in health care and food access.

Context: Cyclones and rough seas often keep fishing boats in harbour for days, and coastal families rely on daily earnings. Weather bans can quickly push fisherfolk into debt when they have little savings to fall back on.

Context: Student safety in schools is a major concern for parents and authorities across India. Questions about who is allowed on school premises are often raised after incidents like this one.

Electrocution from electric fences set up to keep out animals or intruders has caused deaths in parts of India. Such deaths have prompted repeated calls for stricter enforcement of safety rules.

Context: WhatsApp keeps automatic backups in Google Drive on Android and iCloud on iPhone, so deleted chats are usually restorable only from the most recent backup saved before deletion.

Context: Google has put a first data-centre satellite in orbit, so this test checks whether AI can work beyond Earth. A haiku is a short three-line poem, often about nature.

Context: Dearness allowance is a payment added to basic salary and pension to offset rising prices, and states revise it periodically. The central government also revises its own DA rate twice a year, so state hikes are often watched by staff elsewhere.

Context: Alphabet owns Google, along with YouTube and Android. Big tech firms are spending heavily on AI chips and data centres, and investors keep asking when those bets will earn money. Sharp swings like this often reflect that wider debate, not one quarter alone.

Context: KMF, or Karnataka Milk Federation, is the state's large dairy cooperative and sells milk under the Nandini brand. Dairy price revisions like this often reflect rising costs for farmers and transport, so households feel the change in their monthly budget.

The RBI is the central bank that regulates India's banks and sets banking rules. Banks now hold large amounts of digital customer data and run online payments, so breaches can put ordinary people's savings and accounts at risk.

Context: AI data centres on Earth use large amounts of electricity and cooling, which is a growing concern for tech firms. Putting computing in orbit is an untested idea that companies are exploring as a possible alternative.

Context: AI models are trained on large amounts of web content, and news sites have long complained about bots copying their work. Robots.txt, the standard file that tells bots what not to crawl, is the common tool publishers use today.

Context: El Niño is a natural warming of the central and eastern Pacific that shifts rain and heat patterns worldwide. It often weakens the Indian monsoon, so farmers and water planners watch it closely.

Context: Many homebuyers have waited years for flats when a builder defaulted on loans and stalled work. Under India's insolvency law, a developer's failure can freeze all its projects, so the new rules offer a narrower route for sound ones.

Context: Pensioners usually need to prove each year that they are alive to keep receiving their pension, and the life certificate is the usual proof. Face authentication lets pensioners verify their identity using a camera instead of visiting a bank or pension office in person.

The census counts the population once every ten years, and its data helps guide how government plans services and resources. Enumerators are the field staff who visit homes to collect the answers.

Context: Foxconn is the Taiwanese company that assembles many Apple devices, including in India. Foldable phones use flexible screens, which have been a known durability concern for the whole industry.

Context: YouTube has age settings and content rules, but AI tools let anyone make songs and videos quickly, so filters struggle to keep pace. Bhojpuri and Punjabi music are hugely popular across India, so such content can reach large family audiences.

Context: Big tech firms are spending huge sums on AI data centres and chips, so investors are worried whether those costs will pay off; the Nasdaq is the US index heavy in technology shares.

Context: Lava is an Indian smartphone brand known for budget phones, and this rise lands in the segment where buyers are most price-sensitive. Mid-range phones sit just above that tier, so their buyers may also watch prices closely.

Automatic emergency braking systems use sensors to spot a possible crash and brake if the driver does not react in time. India has some of the highest road death tolls in the world, so vehicle safety rules are a steady policy focus.

Context: NavIC is India's own regional satellite navigation system, meant to give location and timing services over India and nearby areas. Like GPS, it needs a group of satellites in orbit, so each new launch helps keep it working.

Context: The Census is India's official count of its population, and it was delayed from 2021. Caste was not counted in the last full census, and the new round will include it for the first time.

Context: Many households in Indian cities hire maids and cooks through private agencies, which often operate with little public oversight. Police verification is meant to check a worker's background before they enter a home.

Context: Glass waste is hard to recycle, so turning it into building material can help cut landfill waste. Concrete with glass has long raised concern about a chemical reaction that can crack it, which is why long-term checks matter.

Context: A cess is an extra charge collected for a specific purpose, separate from the regular tax on goods. TASMAC is the state-run liquor retailer in Tamil Nadu, and liquor sales bring in a large share of state revenue.

Context: India's census is held every ten years and runs in two steps, first listing houses and buildings, then counting every person. Jammu and Kashmir's progress shows how the national count is moving state by state.

Context: KYC, or Know Your Customer, is the process banks follow to confirm who their customers are. Mule accounts are often opened with stolen or borrowed identities, and online fraud has been rising in India, so the court's review could change how accounts are opened.

Context: Customs duty is a tax on goods brought into India, and cotton is the main raw material for yarn and clothing. Exemptions like this are often used when domestic supply runs short or prices rise.

Context: Space telescopes orbit high above Earth and are usually not built to be brought back, so their orbits slowly decay over time. Rescue missions in space are rare and technically difficult, which is why a failed attempt draws attention.

Context: BS VI is India's current vehicle emission standard, and Delhi has tightened rules on older, non-compliant vehicles to fight severe winter air pollution. Commuters from nearby NCR towns are among those most affected.

Context: India's census is held every ten years, and the previous one was in 2011. Its results shape decisions on seats, welfare schemes and how government money is shared between states.

Context: CAQM is the Commission for Air Quality Management, which sets air rules for Delhi and nearby states that often face severe winter smog. Factories are among the sources of pollution, so enforcement of these rules is a long-running effort.

Tenements are multi-family housing blocks built by government bodies for low-income families, and many are old and unsafe. Rebuilding aging blocks usually requires residents to move out first while construction takes place.

Context: Cyclone Arnab recently hit Odisha, and the Bay of Bengal often produces storms in autumn that can bring heavy rain to coastal districts. IMD, India's weather agency, issues these warnings, and this storm is forecast to be weaker than Arnab.

Low-pressure areas over the Bay of Bengal can grow into depressions that bring heavy rain, flooding and disruption to coastal states. Andhra Pradesh and Kerala often see heavy rain in this season, so following local alerts and IMD updates helps families plan travel and safety.

Export duties are extra taxes on fuel sold abroad, and the government reviews them every fortnight to balance domestic supply with overseas sales. Indian refiners also export a lot of fuel, so these levies can influence how much is kept for domestic buyers.

Context: The Railway Board is the central body that oversees Indian Railways and sets rules that its zones follow. Many long-distance trains run overnight, so charging limits affect travellers who rely on phones for tickets, maps and navigation.

Context: Digital arrest scams involve fraudsters posing as police, CBI or tax officials, keeping victims on video calls while they transfer money. Such cases have grown across India, and courts are asking whether banks should do more to flag suspicious transfers.

Context: The Siang project is a large hydropower dam on the Siang river in Arunachal Pradesh, seen as a strategic counter to China's mega dam upstream on the Yarlung Tsangpo. Such projects often face local concern about land, water and displacement.

Context: November is when the monsoon has withdrawn from most of India, so daytime temperatures often rise while nights turn cooler. IMD's monthly outlooks help farmers, city planners and power utilities prepare for the coming weeks.

Context: SoO, or Suspension of Operations, is a truce deal between the government and armed groups in Manipur, and it has been contested since ethnic violence began there in 2023.

Context: Tensions between Iran and the United States have been rising, and Iran's leaders have recently promised a strong response to any new US attack. Qeshm is an Iranian island in the Strait of Hormuz, a busy route for oil shipments.

Context: The state first offered this instant pension to women in the old-age category, and this change reaches groups who often have irregular incomes. Filariasis is a mosquito-borne disease, and toddy tappers collect palm sap for a living.

Context: Oleshky is in southern Ukraine, on the Dnipro river, and has been under Russian control since the early months of Russia's full-scale invasion in 2022. Short local pauses like this are usually fragile, so they do not end the wider war between the two countries.

Context: India offers two income tax regimes, an old one that allows many deductions and a newer one with lower rates but fewer deductions. Taxpayers pick the regime that gives them the lower tax bill.

Context: Low-pressure areas over the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea often grow into depressions or cyclones, and they can bring heavy rain to coastal south India. The IMD, India's official weather agency, issues these forecasts, which are updated as the system moves.

Context: India's main privacy law is the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023, which sets rules for how companies and the state use personal data. Changes to it would affect how millions of people's data is collected and protected.

Context: AI models learn from large amounts of data, but hospital records, bank details and government files are often too private to share openly. Sealed-room setups are one way to keep such data protected while still letting AI use it.

Context: Amhara is a large region in northern Ethiopia where armed conflict between government forces and regional militias has been ongoing since 2023, and drones have become a common weapon in the fighting.

Context: Bank fraud often involves transfers that the account holder did not authorise, and quick reporting to the bank is the usual first step to limit losses. Customers who act early usually have a better chance of recovering money.

Context: The Commission for Air Quality Management coordinates pollution control across Delhi and its neighbouring cities. Every winter, smoke and dust push the region's air into hazardous levels, and the commission often uses steps like these.

Context: Yaks are large, high-altitude animals found across the Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau, and they are important to herders there. Finding a related species helps scientists trace how today's yaks evolved.

Context: AAP governs Punjab, and the state's next Assembly election is due in 2027. Candidate lists in the months before a vote show which seats each party sees as key.

Context: The World Bank is a global lender that publishes poverty estimates by comparing household spending with an international poverty line. Its figures for India have often been debated, because national surveys and methods can give different results.

Context: Delhi faces severe smog most winters, when cold air and smoke from crop burning trap pollution close to the ground. The GRAP (Graded Response Action Plan) is a staged set of emergency steps that rise as air quality worsens.

Context: Utilities are the companies that generate, transmit and sell electricity, and many are regulated, so state regulators approve how much they can charge. Rising demand and costly grid upgrades are common reasons bills climb, and the midterm elections are due in November 2026.

Context: The Chief Election Commissioner heads the body that runs India's national and state elections. Removing a CEC is a formal process that needs a motion passed in Parliament, so a public event like this does not by itself remove anyone from office.

Context: Under India's IT Rules, the government and platforms can order posts taken down, and the rules set time limits for acting on those orders. Debate continues over how much users can see, challenge or appeal such removals.

Context: Tariffs are taxes on imported goods, and US tariffs on Canadian products have hit industries like forestry and paper that rely heavily on exports. When a single mill anchors a small town, its closure can affect nearly every local family.

Context: Misappropriation means funds were taken or misused rather than used as intended. An FIR, or First Information Report, is the formal police complaint that starts a criminal investigation into such cases.

Context: Bonus payments are a yearly money matter for many workers, and in India the Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 sets the rules for them. Fake messages can cause anxiety and protests, so official clarifications from labour offices are the reliable source to check before acting.

Diwali, also called Deepawali, is one of India's biggest festivals and is celebrated across many regions with different local customs. Dhanteras usually marks the start of the festival, with Bhai Dooj closing it.

Context: After the Taliban took control of Afghanistan in 2021, many Afghans who had worked with US forces were evacuated abroad. Their future immigration status has since become a contested policy question in the US.

Context: PM-KISAN, launched in 2019, gives eligible farmer families income support of Rs 6,000 a year, paid in three instalments. Instalments are announced regularly by the Centre, and state governments often share the event with local leaders.

Context: Refugees are people forced to flee their home country because of persecution, war or violence. Resettlement means a country agrees to accept them permanently, usually through a government-run route rather than irregular travel.

Context: A glacial lake outburst flood happens when a lake held back by glacier ice or debris suddenly bursts, sending water and rocks rushing downstream. Bhutan's Himalayan rivers flow into Assam, so the flood risk reaches Assam's plains quickly.

Manipur has been divided by ethnic clashes between the Meitei and Kuki communities since 2023, and the SoO deal was meant to calm armed groups while talks continued. Its future matters for peace in the state before any election.

Context: GST is India's national tax on most goods and services, and enforcement officers can check businesses and goods. Rules like these shape how often traders and transporters face checks and penalties.

Context: Russia seized parts of southern Ukraine after its February 2022 invasion, and many civilians there have been cut off. Belarus borders Ukraine to the north, so evacuees arriving there are crossing into a neighbouring country.

Context: Disinvestment means the government selling its stake in a public company, and IDBI Bank has been part of such plans for years. Bank staff and unions often watch these moves closely because jobs and asset values can change.

Context: Free-flow tolling lets vehicles pay without stopping at a barrier, using RFID tags fixed to windscreens. Delhi's entry points are often jammed during peak hours, so the change is part of a wider push to reduce traffic and pollution in the city.

Context: Age concessions are relaxations that let candidates from specified social and welfare groups apply beyond the general age limit. Direct recruitment means hiring candidates from outside government rather than promoting existing staff.

Context: Mars meteorites are rocks knocked off the Red Planet by ancient impacts that later fell to Earth. Scientists study them to learn about Mars's early history.

Context: BPT is a popular rice variety in South India, and rice is a staple food for most Indian households. Governments set ceiling prices to stop sudden spikes in the cost of essential food.

Context: Aden is Yemen's southern port city and the base of the internationally recognised government. The Houthis, an armed group that controls much of northern Yemen, have fought that government since 2014, and Saudi Arabia leads a coalition backing it.

Context: Jailbreaks usually lead to suspensions and transfers while officials review security, guard duties and staffing. Theni is a district in southern Tamil Nadu, near the Kerala border.

Context: Customs duty is a tax on imported goods, and India often adjusts it on cotton to balance mill supply against farmers' prices. Spinning mills and garment makers depend on cotton, so changes to the duty affect their costs.

Context: Odisha lies on the Bay of Bengal coast and is hit by cyclones several times a year, especially in the post-monsoon months. Such storms often bring heavy rain that causes floods and landslides in nearby districts.

Context: OnePlus is a smartphone brand owned by China's Oppo group and sold in India. Snapdragon is Qualcomm's chip family, and its Elite line is the top tier used in flagship phones.

Context: TRAI is the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, which sets rules for phone and internet companies. As AI tools spread into networks and customer services, regulators worldwide are increasingly asking firms to set clear internal rules for them.

Context: The Rafale is a French-built fighter jet that India agreed to buy, and the Tejas is India's homegrown light fighter, which has been delayed for years. Both are central to the air force's plans to replace older aircraft.

Context: The Chief Election Commissioner heads the Election Commission, which runs India's elections. A formal impeachment requires Parliament to act, so a symbolic version is a protest rather than a step toward removal.

Context: Transgender people in India gained legal recognition in 2014 through the Supreme Court's NALSA judgment, which recognised a third gender and self-identification. Since then, many government bodies have had to set up procedures to change staff records under service rules.

Context: Sugarcane prices in India are guided by a government-set minimum, but farmers often protest when mill payments feel low or arrive late. Belagavi is a major sugarcane district in north Karnataka, so protests there affect many growers.

Context: The Department of Veterans Affairs offers home loans to US military veterans. The Servicing Purchase program let the VA buy troubled loans from lenders, helping borrowers keep their homes, so ending it shifts costs back onto individual homeowners.

Context: Social media companies face many lawsuits in the United States, and some involve claims about harm to young users. Meta and Snap are both large platforms, so the outcome of this case could influence how other similar cases are handled.

Kerala's hills are a major cardamom-growing region, and small planters rely on auctions to sell their crop and get paid quickly. The West Asia crisis is disrupting trade and energy markets, which can slow money moving through the supply chain.

Context: Indian households buy gold for weddings and festivals, so price swings change the cost of planned purchases. Gold prices move with global markets, the US dollar and interest rates, which is why forecasts are hard to make.

Context: A census counts every person and household, and governments use the results to plan schools, roads, health services and seats in Parliament. The reference date is the moment whose population counts are recorded.

BRS is a Telangana party that governed the state until 2023, so this is part of the ongoing political contest over jobs in the state. Scam allegations about job-recruitment bodies often focus on fake offers charged to unemployed applicants.

Context: Landslides in Wayanad district in July 2024 destroyed several villages and left many families displaced. The township is part of the state's rehabilitation effort, and survivors have stayed in rented homes until permanent houses are ready.

Context: Vande Bharat is India's fast, modern train series built to cut journey times, and sleeper versions add overnight travel. Kashi is another name for Varanasi, a major pilgrimage city.

Context: Mangolpuri is an industrial area in northwest Delhi where many small factories operate in crowded buildings. Fires at such units have repeatedly raised concerns about exit routes and fire safety rules for workers.

Context: Kabila led DR Congo from 2001 to 2019, after taking over from his father. Eastern DR Congo has seen years of fighting with armed groups, so any new rebel movement draws close attention.

Context: In India, a government can seek to withdraw certain cases, and courts often have to approve the request. Such moves are often debated over which cases should qualify and why.

Context: Google Search has long sent large numbers of visitors to websites, and publishers worry that AI-written answers keep readers on Google's page instead. Reddit relies heavily on search traffic to reach new users, so this dispute matters for online communities.

Context: Ahoi Ashtami is a festival observed mainly in North India, where mothers fast for their children's wellbeing. It falls a few days before Diwali, so many families plan it alongside the wider festive season.

The IPL is India's top franchise cricket league, where teams buy players at auctions and can change captains from season to season. Mumbai Indians is one of its most successful teams, so leadership changes draw wide attention.

Context: Jammu and Kashmir is a union territory whose Lieutenant Governor is the Centre's appointed head. Security convoys for officials often close or slow roads, which can affect ordinary traffic, including ambulances.

Context: SIR, or Special Intensive Revision, is the Election Commission of India's detailed review of voter rolls, and Delhi's name deletions have drawn attention as a result. Voter roll accuracy matters because only names on the final list can cast a ballot in elections.

Context: Deepavali firecrackers have long been linked to air pollution in Indian cities, which is why courts and governments set limits on which crackers can be used and when. Green crackers are designed to produce less smoke than regular ones.

Context: The Kerala PSC runs public recruitment exams for state government jobs, so copied questions affect many candidates. This probe follows an earlier case in which the commission's chairperson was indicted in an exam fraud matter.

Context: The World Bank measures poverty using its own international yardsticks, adjusted for living costs, so its figures often differ from India's official estimates. Forecasts like this are usually revised as new survey data comes in.

Mule accounts are bank accounts opened or rented so criminals can move stolen money through them, often for a small payment. Such accounts are a common route for online scams, so banks and police watch them closely.

Context: Oleshky is in southern Ukraine's Kherson region, which Russia occupied in 2022 during the ongoing war. Evacuation corridors are often used in frontline towns where basic services have been cut off.

Context: Forward-deployed engineers work closely with clients to put AI tools into real use, and India's large IT services sector is watching how its workforce adapts to these new roles.

Context: Mosquito-borne diseases like dengue and malaria tend to rise in Delhi during the monsoon, when standing water lets mosquitoes breed. Civic bodies typically step up drain cleaning and fogging each year to cut these risks.

Context: Formal jobs have regular pay and social security, while many Indian workers are in informal work without these protections. Schemes like this usually aim to bring more people into the formal workforce.

Context: Many firms have cut jobs in recent years while investing heavily in AI, and the trend is sometimes called an AI boomerang. Workers weighing a return should understand that job security and pay terms can change after a layoff.

Context: Proton therapy is a precise form of radiation treatment for cancer that aims to spare healthy tissue around the tumour. Such care has been available in India mostly in private hospitals, and many patients still travel to big cities for it.

Context: France has a long tradition of large street protests, and young people have often led them over issues like education, jobs and living costs. Halloween nights can bring large crowds, which is why officials watch them closely.

Scotch is imported whisky, and India and the UK have been negotiating a trade deal that would lower tariffs on Scotch over time. Prices and import rules are therefore a sensitive part of that deal, so disputes like this one draw attention.

Context: The Strait of Hormuz, between Iran and Oman, is one of the world's busiest oil shipping routes, so attacks there affect fuel prices and supply. Tensions across West Asia have been rising, and many Indian seafarers work on ships passing through it.

Context: China has been developing reusable spacecraft as part of a wider push in space, competing with the United States and others. Spy satellites and declassified reports are how governments often reveal such programmes.

Context: The Ganges water-sharing treaty between India and Bangladesh was signed in 1996 and sets out how river flows are shared in the dry season. Any renewal draws close attention on both sides because water and transit are sensitive issues.

Context: The Strait of Hormuz is a narrow sea passage between Iran and Oman that carries a large share of the world's oil. Many ships passing through it have crews from India, so restrictions there affect Indian families and fuel prices.

Context: PM-KISAN is a central government scheme that pays eligible farmers income support in instalments, and Kevadia in Gujarat is home to the Statue of Unity.

Context: Crypto exchanges hold users' digital coins, so a hack can leave customers unable to recover funds. Major hacks have hit exchanges before, and they often lead to tighter security rules and questions about how safe crypto storage is.

Context: Golden Dome is a US missile defence plan announced by President Trump in 2025 to shield the country from missile attacks. Big tech firms joining such projects is part of a wider debate about defence work by technology companies.

Context: E100 is pure ethanol fuel, far stronger than the E20 blend sold at many Indian pumps, which is why ordinary petrol cars need special engines to run on it.

Context: Air pollution in north India, especially in winter, is a long-running health concern, and fireworks during Diwali are widely blamed for spikes in it. Many local curbs on crackers have been tried over the years.

Context: Exporters have faced higher shipping and insurance costs in recent years, partly due to global trade disruptions, which squeeze margins for small and medium businesses. The commerce ministry runs trade support schemes to help them compete abroad.

Context: Village development in India is often funded by both the Centre and states, through schemes that can overlap and confuse local planning. Plans that run for several years, with regular checks, aim to make spending more coordinated and results easier to track.

Context: NVS satellites are part of India's satellite navigation system, and the earlier NVS-02 failure makes this launch closely watched. Propulsion systems move a spacecraft into its planned orbit.

Context: NVS satellites are part of NavIC, India's own regional navigation system used for positioning across the country. Pyro valves are small valves triggered by controlled explosive charges, used in rockets to manage fuel and pressure flow.

Context: Tasmac is the state-run liquor retailer in Tamil Nadu. The bottle-return refund is a way to encourage recycling, and it means buyers will pay more upfront for many drinks.

Context: Martian meteorites are rocks blasted off Mars by ancient impacts that later landed on Earth, letting scientists study the Red Planet without going there. Finds like this help researchers piece together how Mars formed and changed over billions of years.

Context: Deepfakes are AI-generated videos or audio that can imitate real people, which raises questions about privacy, likeness and ownership. Indian courts are being asked to decide such matters while specific laws on AI are still developing.

Context: US and Iran have been in a long-running standoff over Iran's nuclear programme and regional armed groups, and Qatar often acts as a go-between in such talks.

Context: Test wickets are a key measure of a fast bowler's career, since Test matches last up to five days. Pat Cummins captains Australia in Test cricket, so the team's struggle at the crease matters for the series.

Context: Milling means scraping off the top layer of an old road before resurfacing it. Over years of repeated resurfacing, roads can rise above nearby buildings, and rainwater may then flow into homes and shops.

Context: PNB is Punjab National Bank, one of India's largest state-run lenders, and the CBI is the country's central agency for major criminal investigations. Fixed deposits are savings locked in for a set period, so this matters to anyone who holds money in such accounts.

Context: Half helmets cover only part of the head and give far less protection than full-face helmets in a crash. Penalty point systems are used in several places to hold repeat offenders accountable, and a licence suspension is a stronger step than a single fine.

Context: A digital arrest is a scam where fraudsters pretend to be officials on a phone or video call and demand money from victims. The Supreme Court is also examining whether banks must compensate people who lose money to digital fraud.

Context: Manipur has seen violence between the Kuki and Meitei communities since 2023. A Suspension of Operations deal usually pauses security action against armed groups while peace talks continue.

Context: Drink-driving is one of the leading causes of road deaths in India, and enforcement drives usually follow high-profile crashes that bring the issue into public debate. Such crackdowns can mean more checks on roads and stricter action against offenders.

Context: Cooperative supermarkets are stores owned by their members, and they often aim to offer everyday goods at fair prices. Bundled packs like this help make basic household groceries easier to afford when prices rise.

Context: Spain runs one of Europe's largest high-speed rail networks, so a deadly crash puts its safety record in the spotlight. Óscar Puente leads the transport ministry, which oversees the country's trains.

Context: Airlines often struggle when jet fuel prices rise, since fuel is one of their biggest costs. Alaska Air Group is the parent of Alaska Airlines, a major carrier on the US West Coast.

Big tech firms have poured huge sums into AI data centres and chips over the past few years, and investors are now asking when that spending will pay off. Markets often swing sharply when that doubt grows.

Context: Gig workers, such as delivery and ride-hailing staff, often lack formal benefits like pensions or paid leave. Dedicated boards are a step toward welfare schemes designed for their needs.

Context: Online scams such as fake payment links and phishing calls are common in India, and victims often struggle to get lost money back. The Reserve Bank of India already has rules on customer liability for unauthorised digital transactions, so this view adds pressure on banks.

Children with special needs often rely fully on school staff for their safety, so schools are expected to follow strict supervision and reporting rules. Cases like this raise questions about how well those rules are followed and how complaints are handled.

Context: The World Bank is a global lender that publishes poverty estimates for countries, and India's figures are often debated because they depend on how poverty is measured. Inequality describes how unevenly income and wealth are spread across people.

Context: Attappady is a hilly tribal area in Palakkad district of Keralam, where many families live far from major hospitals. Infant deaths in such places often lead officials to check nutrition, maternal care and access to health services.

Context: Nvidia makes the graphics chips that most AI systems are trained and run on, so its spending shapes the wider AI boom. An AI bubble refers to prices and valuations rising far above what the underlying businesses earn.

Context: Waymo, owned by Alphabet, already runs robotaxi services in US cities, while Toyota is Japan's largest carmaker, so this partnership combines car-making with self-driving software.

Context: Jadeja is a left-arm spinner and lower-order batter who has played a major role in India's limited-overs teams. White-ball cricket means one-day and T20 formats, and the 2027 ODI World Cup is the next major goal for selectors.

Rajya Sabha is the Upper House of Parliament, and its members are elected by state legislatures rather than directly by voters. When a seat falls vacant mid-term, a byelection is held to fill it only for the rest of that term.

Context: IRDAI regulates insurance companies in India, and Consumer Commissions are the forums where ordinary people file complaints against companies. Long pending cases mean delays for policyholders and others waiting for a decision.

Context: The Nasdaq is heavy in technology companies, so its moves often show how investors feel about the tech sector. Huge spending on AI has become a major theme, and investors are now questioning whether that spending will pay off.

Context: Many households and workplaces depend on packaged drinking water, especially where tap supply is unreliable. Regulators check these units for hygiene and quality, and lab results show whether the water is safe to drink.

Context: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among Indian women, so early checks matter. Doctors usually use a physical exam, imaging such as ultrasound or mammography, and sometimes a biopsy to tell harmless lumps from cancer.

Context: Many teenagers use AI chatbots, and companies face growing pressure to add age-based safeguards. OpenAI makes ChatGPT, one of the most widely used AI chatbots in the world.

Context: Margin means the gap between what a drug costs to make or buy and what it sells for. Cancer treatment is expensive in India, and drug prices have been a long-running debate between companies, patients and regulators.

Context: The Strait of Hormuz is a narrow sea route between Iran and Oman that carries a large share of the world's oil. Limpet mines are small bombs fixed to a ship's hull, and Indians form a large share of many ship crews.

Context: The Diversity Visa Program was set up to give people from countries underrepresented in US immigration a chance at a green card. Countries that send many immigrants to the US, such as India, are generally not eligible for it.

Stubble burning means setting fire to leftover crop stalks after harvest, mainly in north India. The smoke often worsens air quality in Delhi and nearby areas each autumn.